Stripline Slot Antenna
Abstract –An ‘I’ shaped slot antenna with finite slotted ground plane is presented. It is a micro-strip feed mechanism based antenna for impedance matching with 50Ω coaxial cable. The antenna geometry is simulated using IE3D simulator. Antenna works well in the frequency range 4.35 GHz to 4.55 GHz. Slots added on the patch was proposed to provide broadband and smaller size antenna 18. The circular slot microstrip patch antenna reported in many papers 19 but the circular slot with plus sign was not introduced in the presented literature. The multiband antenna was proposed for different wireless applications.
FIELD: radio engineering, communication.
SUBSTANCE: circular polarisation slit stripline leaky-wave antenna with slit radiator width discontinuity includes a dielectric substrate, on the upper metal-coated side of which there are slit radiators wound in a spiral around the geometric centre of the antenna, not connected to each other and including straight and bent segments of different length. The slit radiators have a larger slit width at the antinodes of the high-frequency H field.
EFFECT: improved technical characteristics of the antenna, particularly a low elliptic coefficient and high suppression of cross-polarisation.
10 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering, communication.
SUBSTANCE: aircraft antenna comprises a cylindrical resonator open at one end, which is partially filled with a dielectric, a matching element, a coaxial connector, a tuning element, a radiator and a top cover. The centre conductor of the coaxial connector is extended into the inside of the cylindrical resonator and is connected to the radiator. The matching element is in form of two stub lines. The first stub line is placed parallel to the centre conductor of the coaxial connector. The second stub line is connected by one end to the side wall of the cylindrical resonator and by the other end to a portion of the radiator located between the points of connection with the centre conductor and the first stub line. The radiator is in form of a ring and is rigidly mounted on the dielectric. The radiator is mounted such that the axes of symmetry of the radiator and the cylindrical resonator and the straight line passing through the middle of said portion of the radiator parallel to the axis of symmetry of the radiator lie in one plane of the longitudinal section of the antenna. The tuning element is mounted in the bottom cover of the cylindrical resonator under the radiator while allowing axial displacement thereof.
EFFECT: simple design of the radiator, smaller dimensions, improved manufacturability, broader functional capabilities, high reliability.
6 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering, communication.
SUBSTANCE: waveguide line, on one wall of which there are radiating elements and at the end of which there is a tuning element, includes phase-shifting devices mounted between radiating elements and between a radiating element and the tuning element, and communication elements connected to the waveguide, wherein the phase-shifting devices change the phase of the transmitted microwave signal in a wide range depending on its power level.
EFFECT: wide operating frequency range without deterioration of the directivity index and matching the antenna while maintaining the direction of the main directional lobe, as well as low cost and high technological effectiveness.
1 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering, communication.
SUBSTANCE: circular polarisation slit stripline leaky-wave antenna includes a dielectric substrate, on the lower metal-coated side of which there is a spiral-shaped microstrip feed line, and on the top metal-coated side of which there are main slit radiators twisted on a spiral around the geometric centre of the antenna and having straight and curved segments of different length; on the top metal-coated side of the dielectric substrate between the main slit radiators there are additional slits with a shorter electrical length than that of the main slit radiators; the additional slits are not connected to the main slit radiators and are in form of concentric arcs arranged around the geometric centre of the antenna or in form of spiral sections.
EFFECT: improved technical characteristics of the antenna, specifically: low elliptic coefficient, improved suppression of cross-polarisation and wider operating frequency range.
2 cl, 11 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering.
SUBSTANCE: printed-circuit board (50) with control diagram is inserted at least in one spline of contour plate in the device containing contour plate (20) of antenna with multiple antenna splines (30, 31, 32) and at least with one control circuit (40) for excitation of antenna contour plate.
EFFECT: enlarging functional capabilities and improving compactness.
15 cl, 4 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering.
SUBSTANCE: planar antenna contains printed symmetrical slot line formed with two identical metal plates which are connected to each other with bonding strip on one side and arranged on one surface of insulating substrate on the other surface of which there located is a piece of signal strip line. Antenna aperture is formed with a piece of divergent printed symmetrical slot line, which is a continued part of the piece of printed homogeneous symmetrical slot line of conductor.
EFFECT: designing broadband antenna capable of simultaneous equal radiation and reception of longitudinal electromagnetic waves and transverse electromagnetic waves with one aperture via separate channels loosened between each other, with low nonuniformity level of matching characteristic, with simple and high-technology construction.
37 cl, 42 dwg
FIELD: physics; radio.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering, particularly to slotted waveguide antennae, and can be used independently or as a component of a phase antenna array (PAA) with mechanical scanning in two planes or electronic scanning in the E-plane and mechanical scanning in the H-plane. The device consists of a length of waveguide with longitudinal slots made on its wide wall and lying on different sides of axial line. The technical result is achieved due to that, the length of the rectangular waveguide has a flat-topped section with dimensions forming the outer contour on the wide wall a1=(0.45±0.05)λ0 and on the narrow wall b1=(0.26±0.05)λ0 and forming the inner contour with dimensions of the wide wall a2=(0.27±0.05)λ0 and the narrow wall b2=(0.15±0.05)λ0, where λ0 is wavelength in free space. On the wide wall there are metallic edges with radiating slots, where the edges are a continuation of the narrow walls of the outer contour with height equal to λ0/2 or greater, and the length of the radiating slots is greater than λ0/2. Dimensions and displacement relative the axis of the flat-topped waveguide are selected based on the required level of the signal radiated from each slot, and comply with the condition for minimal change of the level of signal radiated from each slot in the given frequency range.
EFFECT: reduced size of the waveguide in the E plane.
2 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering.
SUBSTANCE: proposed flat cavity antenna, which includes a first low cavity resonator with a partially transparent wall and a second resonant cavity with communication holes, which differs in that the second resonant cavity, is installed inside the first resonant cavity. The first resonant cavity contains the first plate, the first and second volumetric cells, and the second plate, made with emitting holes. The second resonant cavity is made in the form of a coaxial resonator with open ends; slots are made on the outer conductor of the coaxial resonator, the outer and inner coaxial conductors are connected together with a short-circuiting switch. The second resonator is connected with the feeder line.
EFFECT: small sizes of antennas, good antenna matching with the feeder line, low level of lateral and rear emission, low level of cross polarisation emission, high efficiency of the antennas, low losses of electromagnetic energy in the feeder line, low antenna noise temperature, high level of electromagnetic compatibility, aesthetic look.
11 cl, 9 dwg
FIELD: medicine.
SUBSTANCE: emitter of superhigh frequency electromagnetic waves for hyperthermia includes the quarter-wave resonator based on non-symmetrical microstrip transmission line, which consists of dielectric base, screen conductor, emitting conductor and input coaxial plug. The input coaxial plug is installed outside the thermo emission zone of electromagnetic emission from the emitting conductor and radiation field of the source of γ-irradiation, and plugged to the emitting conductor and screen conductor of the microstrip transmission line via L-shaped filter, which includes the strip powering line in power point of the quarter-wave resonator and container.
EFFECT: efficiency of radiation effect on tumor is increased.
2 dwg, 1 tbl
FIELD: printing antennas with double polarization with power from commutation field located on electronic board.
SUBSTANCE: printing antenna having at least one grounded layer with emitting aperture, positioned under which is conductive layer isolated from it by dielectric layer with power field of antenna emitter, which is connected to emitting aperture and made symmetric relatively to its axis and connected to two power lines positioned symmetrically relatively to this axis. Power lines with simultaneous powering of power field in phase and counter-phase allow to realize two antenna polarization directions.
EFFECT: prevented parasitic radiation and ensured possible operation in broad range of frequencies.
2 cl, 12 dwg
FIELD: small-size and high-efficiency antennas for mobile communication devices and handsets.
SUBSTANCE: proposed resonance-tuned multiband microwave antenna radiating in high-frequency band as well as in one or more lower-frequency bands has electricity conducting grounding plane on one surface of insulating substrate, conducting stripline on opposite surface of insulating substrate, and feeder line. Curved slit is made in grounding plane that has feeding end connected due to electromagnetic coupling to feeding end of stripline and loading end connected due to electromagnetic coupling to loading end of stripline. This slit is resonance-tuned and radiates in high-frequency band. Additional electrical conductor connected to grounding plane functions as its extension on loading end and is connected due to electromagnetic coupling to slit in lower-frequency bands so that slit is also resonance-tuned and radiates in lower-frequency band or bands.
EFFECT: reduced size of antenna and impact on its operating characteristics near user's head or body.
44 cl, 54 dwg
FIELD: small-size and high-efficiency antennas for mobile communication devices and handsets.
SUBSTANCE: proposed resonance-tuned multiband microwave antenna radiating in high-frequency band as well as in one or more lower-frequency bands has electricity conducting grounding plane on one surface of insulating substrate, conducting stripline on opposite surface of insulating substrate, and feeder line. Curved slit is made in grounding plane that has feeding end connected due to electromagnetic coupling to feeding end of stripline and loading end connected due to electromagnetic coupling to loading end of stripline. This slit is resonance-tuned and radiates in high-frequency band. Additional electrical conductor connected to grounding plane functions as its extension on loading end and is connected due to electromagnetic coupling to slit in lower-frequency bands so that slit is also resonance-tuned and radiates in lower-frequency band or bands.
EFFECT: reduced size of antenna and impact on its operating characteristics near user's head or body.
44 cl, 54 dwg
FIELD: printing antennas with double polarization with power from commutation field located on electronic board.
SUBSTANCE: printing antenna having at least one grounded layer with emitting aperture, positioned under which is conductive layer isolated from it by dielectric layer with power field of antenna emitter, which is connected to emitting aperture and made symmetric relatively to its axis and connected to two power lines positioned symmetrically relatively to this axis. Power lines with simultaneous powering of power field in phase and counter-phase allow to realize two antenna polarization directions.
EFFECT: prevented parasitic radiation and ensured possible operation in broad range of frequencies.
2 cl, 12 dwg
FIELD: medicine.
SUBSTANCE: emitter of superhigh frequency electromagnetic waves for hyperthermia includes the quarter-wave resonator based on non-symmetrical microstrip transmission line, which consists of dielectric base, screen conductor, emitting conductor and input coaxial plug. The input coaxial plug is installed outside the thermo emission zone of electromagnetic emission from the emitting conductor and radiation field of the source of γ-irradiation, and plugged to the emitting conductor and screen conductor of the microstrip transmission line via L-shaped filter, which includes the strip powering line in power point of the quarter-wave resonator and container.
EFFECT: efficiency of radiation effect on tumor is increased.
2 dwg, 1 tbl
FIELD: radio engineering.
SUBSTANCE: proposed flat cavity antenna, which includes a first low cavity resonator with a partially transparent wall and a second resonant cavity with communication holes, which differs in that the second resonant cavity, is installed inside the first resonant cavity. The first resonant cavity contains the first plate, the first and second volumetric cells, and the second plate, made with emitting holes. The second resonant cavity is made in the form of a coaxial resonator with open ends; slots are made on the outer conductor of the coaxial resonator, the outer and inner coaxial conductors are connected together with a short-circuiting switch. The second resonator is connected with the feeder line.
EFFECT: small sizes of antennas, good antenna matching with the feeder line, low level of lateral and rear emission, low level of cross polarisation emission, high efficiency of the antennas, low losses of electromagnetic energy in the feeder line, low antenna noise temperature, high level of electromagnetic compatibility, aesthetic look.
11 cl, 9 dwg
FIELD: physics; radio.
SUBSTANCE: invention relates to radio engineering, particularly to slotted waveguide antennae, and can be used independently or as a component of a phase antenna array (PAA) with mechanical scanning in two planes or electronic scanning in the E-plane and mechanical scanning in the H-plane. The device consists of a length of waveguide with longitudinal slots made on its wide wall and lying on different sides of axial line. The technical result is achieved due to that, the length of the rectangular waveguide has a flat-topped section with dimensions forming the outer contour on the wide wall a1=(0.45±0.05)λ0 and on the narrow wall b1=(0.26±0.05)λ0 and forming the inner contour with dimensions of the wide wall a2=(0.27±0.05)λ0 and the narrow wall b2=(0.15±0.05)λ0, where λ0 is wavelength in free space. On the wide wall there are metallic edges with radiating slots, where the edges are a continuation of the narrow walls of the outer contour with height equal to λ0/2 or greater, and the length of the radiating slots is greater than λ0/2. Dimensions and displacement relative the axis of the flat-topped waveguide are selected based on the required level of the signal radiated from each slot, and comply with the condition for minimal change of the level of signal radiated from each slot in the given frequency range.
EFFECT: reduced size of the waveguide in the E plane.
2 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering.
SUBSTANCE: planar antenna contains printed symmetrical slot line formed with two identical metal plates which are connected to each other with bonding strip on one side and arranged on one surface of insulating substrate on the other surface of which there located is a piece of signal strip line. Antenna aperture is formed with a piece of divergent printed symmetrical slot line, which is a continued part of the piece of printed homogeneous symmetrical slot line of conductor.
EFFECT: designing broadband antenna capable of simultaneous equal radiation and reception of longitudinal electromagnetic waves and transverse electromagnetic waves with one aperture via separate channels loosened between each other, with low nonuniformity level of matching characteristic, with simple and high-technology construction.
37 cl, 42 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering.
SUBSTANCE: printed-circuit board (50) with control diagram is inserted at least in one spline of contour plate in the device containing contour plate (20) of antenna with multiple antenna splines (30, 31, 32) and at least with one control circuit (40) for excitation of antenna contour plate.
EFFECT: enlarging functional capabilities and improving compactness.
15 cl, 4 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering, communication.
SUBSTANCE: circular polarisation slit stripline leaky-wave antenna includes a dielectric substrate, on the lower metal-coated side of which there is a spiral-shaped microstrip feed line, and on the top metal-coated side of which there are main slit radiators twisted on a spiral around the geometric centre of the antenna and having straight and curved segments of different length; on the top metal-coated side of the dielectric substrate between the main slit radiators there are additional slits with a shorter electrical length than that of the main slit radiators; the additional slits are not connected to the main slit radiators and are in form of concentric arcs arranged around the geometric centre of the antenna or in form of spiral sections.
EFFECT: improved technical characteristics of the antenna, specifically: low elliptic coefficient, improved suppression of cross-polarisation and wider operating frequency range.
2 cl, 11 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering, communication.
SUBSTANCE: waveguide line, on one wall of which there are radiating elements and at the end of which there is a tuning element, includes phase-shifting devices mounted between radiating elements and between a radiating element and the tuning element, and communication elements connected to the waveguide, wherein the phase-shifting devices change the phase of the transmitted microwave signal in a wide range depending on its power level.
EFFECT: wide operating frequency range without deterioration of the directivity index and matching the antenna while maintaining the direction of the main directional lobe, as well as low cost and high technological effectiveness.
1 dwg
FIELD: radio engineering, communication.
SUBSTANCE: aircraft antenna comprises a cylindrical resonator open at one end, which is partially filled with a dielectric, a matching element, a coaxial connector, a tuning element, a radiator and a top cover. The centre conductor of the coaxial connector is extended into the inside of the cylindrical resonator and is connected to the radiator. The matching element is in form of two stub lines. The first stub line is placed parallel to the centre conductor of the coaxial connector. The second stub line is connected by one end to the side wall of the cylindrical resonator and by the other end to a portion of the radiator located between the points of connection with the centre conductor and the first stub line. The radiator is in form of a ring and is rigidly mounted on the dielectric. The radiator is mounted such that the axes of symmetry of the radiator and the cylindrical resonator and the straight line passing through the middle of said portion of the radiator parallel to the axis of symmetry of the radiator lie in one plane of the longitudinal section of the antenna. The tuning element is mounted in the bottom cover of the cylindrical resonator under the radiator while allowing axial displacement thereof.
EFFECT: simple design of the radiator, smaller dimensions, improved manufacturability, broader functional capabilities, high reliability.
6 dwg
Stripline is a transverse electromagnetic (TEM)transmission line medium invented by Robert M. Barrett of the Air Force Cambridge Research Centre in the 1950s. Stripline is the earliest form of planar transmission line.
Description[edit]
A stripline circuit uses a flat strip of metal which is sandwiched between two parallelground planes. The insulating material of the substrate forms a dielectric. The width of the strip, the thickness of the substrate and the relative permittivity of the substrate determine the characteristic impedance of the strip which is a transmission line. As shown in the diagram, the central conductor need not be equally spaced between the ground planes. In the general case, the dielectric material may be different above and below the central conductor.
To prevent the propagation of unwanted modes, the two ground planes must be shorted together. This is commonly achieved by a row of vias running parallel to the strip on each side.
Like coaxial cable, stripline is non-dispersive, and has no cutoff frequency. Good isolation between adjacent traces can be achieved more easily than with microstrip.Stripline provides for enhanced noise immunity against the propagation of radiated RF emissions, at the expense of slower propagation speeds when compared to microstrip lines. The effective permittivity of striplines equals the relative permittivity of the dielectric substrate because of wave propagation only in the substrate. Hence striplines have higher effective permittivity in comparison to microstrip lines, which in turn reduces wave propagation speed (see also velocity factor) according to
History[edit]
Stripline, now used as a generic term, was originally a proprietary brand of Airborne Instruments Laboratory Inc. (AIL). The version as produced by AIL was essentially air insulated (air stripline) with just a thin layer of dielectric material - just enough to support the conducting strip. The conductor was printed on both sides of the dielectric. The more familiar version with the space between the two plates completely filled with dielectric was originally produced by Sanders Associates who marketed it under the brand name of triplate.[1]
Stripline was initially preferred to its rival, microstrip, made by ITT. Transmission in stripline is purely TEM mode and consequently there is no dispersion (provided that the dielectric of substrate is not itself dispersive). Also, discontinuity elements on the line (gaps, stubs, posts etc) present a purely reactive impedance. This is not the case with microstrip; the differing dielectrics above and below the strip result in longitudinal non-TEM components to the wave. This results in dispersion and discontinuity elements have a resistive component causing them to radiate. In the 1950s Eugene Fubini, at the time working for AIL, jokingly suggested that a microstrip dipole would make a good antenna. This was intended to highlight the drawbacks of microstrip, but the microstrip patch antenna has become the most popular design of antenna in mobile devices.[2] Stripline remained in the ascendent for its performance advantages through the 1950s and 1960s but eventually microstrip won out, especially in mass produced items, because it was easier to assemble and the lack of an upper dielectric meant that components were easier to access and adjust. As the complexity of printed circuits increased, this convenience issue became more important until today microstrip is the dominant planar technology. Miniaturisation also leads to favouring microstrip because its disadvantages are not so severe in a miniaturised circuit. However, stripline is still chosen where operation over a wide band is required.[3]
Comparison to microstrip[edit]
Microstrip is similar to stripline transmission line except that the microstrip is not sandwiched, it is on a surface layer, above a ground plane.Stripline is more expensive to fabricate than microstrip, and because of the second groundplane, the strip widths are much narrower for a given impedance and board thickness than for microstrip.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
Stripline Fed Slot Antenna
- ^Oliner, pp.556-559
- ^Yarman, p. 67
- ^Oliner, pp. 558-562
Stripline Fed Slot Antenna
Bibliography[edit]
- Arthur A. Oliner, 'The evolution of electromagnetic waveguides', in chapter 16, Sarkar et al., History of wireless, John Wiley and Sons, 2006 ISBN0-471-71814-9.
- Yarman, Binboga Siddik, Design of Ultra Wideband Antenna Matching Networks, Springer, 2008 ISBN1-4020-8418-8.